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Over 1,100 New Marine Species Found in Global Expeditions
Researchers have discovered 1,121 new marine species over the past year as part of the Nippon Foundation-Nekton Ocean Census, the largest program in the world dedicated to documenting ocean life. The new marine species discoveries span remote locations from the deep sea off Antarctica to volcanic seamounts near Japan and shallow waters around the Comoros.
Key Discoveries: Ghost Shark and Glass Worm
Among the most remarkable finds is the drakefish, also known as the 'ghost shark' or chimaera. This ancient relative of sharks and rays is believed to have originated around 400 million years ago—predating the dinosaurs. It was discovered during an expedition off the coast of Australia.
Another striking discovery is Dalhousiella yabukii, a worm found near Japan that lives inside a transparent 'glass castle.' Its translucent shell makes its internal organs visible to the naked eye.
Race Against Time to Document Ocean Life
"We are fighting against the clock to understand and protect ocean life," said Ocean Census researcher Michelle Taylor. After a new organism is discovered, it takes an average of 13 years before it is formally described in scientific literature. "Many species risk disappearing before they are documented."
Approximately 90 percent of organisms living in the ocean remain unknown to science. "Thousands of species have languished in a scientific no-man's land because the pace of discovery could not keep up," Taylor added. "We are now catching up."
Unique Discoveries in Shallow Waters
While the ghost shark and glass worm inhabit deep waters, researchers also made finds in shallower environments. In East Timor, a worm was discovered whose unique toxins are being studied for potential treatments for Alzheimer's and schizophrenia.
In Europe, a colorful Mediterranean shrimp was found in a sea cave near Marseille, living at depths of 15 to 35 meters. The 2025 ocean exploration milestones highlight the vast biodiversity still waiting to be cataloged.
Global Significance of the Ocean Census
The Nippon Foundation-Nekton Ocean Census aims to accelerate the discovery and protection of marine life. The project involves multiple expeditions across the globe, with scientists using advanced technology to explore previously inaccessible habitats. The discoveries underscore the urgency of deep-sea conservation efforts as climate change and human activities threaten marine ecosystems.
FAQ
What is the Nippon Foundation-Nekton Ocean Census?
It is the world's largest program dedicated to documenting ocean life, aiming to accelerate the discovery and protection of marine species through global expeditions.
How many new marine species were discovered?
A total of 1,121 new marine species were discovered over the past year during multiple expeditions.
What is a ghost shark?
A ghost shark, also known as a chimaera or drakefish, is an ancient relative of sharks and rays that originated about 400 million years ago.
Why is it urgent to discover new marine species?
Many species risk extinction before they are documented, and understanding ocean biodiversity is critical for conservation and potential medical breakthroughs.
Where were the new species found?
The species were found globally, including the deep sea off Antarctica, volcanic seamounts near Japan, shallow waters of the Comoros, East Timor, and a sea cave near Marseille, France.
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