Historic Milestone in Global Energy Transition
For the first time in history, solar and wind power have collectively generated more electricity worldwide than coal, marking a crucial turning point in the global energy transition. According to the Global Electricity Mid-Year Insights 2025 report from energy think tank Ember, this historic shift occurred during the first half of 2025, with renewables reaching 34.3% of global electricity generation compared to coal's 33.1%.
Record Solar Growth Leads the Charge
Solar power was the standout performer, expanding by an astonishing 31% in the first half of 2025 compared to the same period last year. Wind energy also showed strong growth at 7%. "This can be a crucial turning point," the report states, highlighting that clean energy sources are now keeping pace with growing electricity demand for the first time.
China's Dominant Role in Renewable Expansion
China accounted for more than half of the global solar energy growth, with massive solar farms like the one in Yinchuan driving the expansion. The country has already surpassed its 2030 wind and solar capacity targets six years ahead of schedule. India also contributed significantly to the renewable energy boom, with both countries seeing declines in fossil fuel generation despite being the world's largest coal consumers.
Regional Divergence in Energy Policies
While Asia leads the renewable revolution, the European Union and United States have moved in the opposite direction. In Europe, lower wind speeds and reduced hydroelectric output led to increased reliance on fossil fuels. The US situation is more concerning, with the Trump administration systematically dismantling climate initiatives. "The worst White House assault in history on the environment and public health," according to environmental groups, has led the International Energy Agency to halve its projections for US clean energy production by 2030.
Electricity Demand and Climate Challenges
Global electricity demand continues to grow rapidly, driven by data centers, electric vehicles, and population growth. The fact that renewables could meet this increased demand while reducing fossil fuel generation represents a significant achievement. However, heatwaves in 2024 caused spikes in electricity demand that temporarily boosted fossil fuel use, highlighting the ongoing challenges of climate change.
Future Outlook and Policy Implications
The International Energy Agency projects that global clean energy production could double by 2030, primarily driven by solar power. However, this depends on continued policy support and investment. The current divergence between regions shows that political leadership remains crucial for accelerating the energy transition. As one energy analyst noted, "2025 could be remembered as the year fossil fuels peaked in global power generation."