Influenza Vaccines Updated for 2025-2026 Season
Public health agencies worldwide have announced updated influenza vaccine formulations for the 2025-2026 flu season. The World Health Organization (WHO) and US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) now recommend trivalent vaccines targeting emerging H3N2 variants alongside H1N1 and B/Victoria strains. This marks a significant shift from previous quadrivalent formulations since B/Yamagata viruses haven't circulated since 2020.
Key Vaccine Components
For egg-based vaccines:
- A/Victoria/4897/2022 (H1N1)pdm09-like virus
- Updated A/Thailand/8/2022 (H3N2)-like virus
- B/Austria/1359417/2021 (B/Victoria lineage)-like virus
For cell/recombinant vaccines:
- A/Wisconsin/67/2022 (H1N1)pdm09-like virus
- Updated A/Massachusetts/18/2022 (H3N2)-like virus
- B/Austria/1359417/2021 (B/Victoria lineage)-like virus
Self-Administration Option Coming
In a groundbreaking development, the FDA has approved FluMist nasal spray for self-administration starting 2025-2026. Adults aged 18-49 can administer it themselves, while caregivers (18+) can administer it to children 2-17 years old. This live attenuated vaccine contains the same strains as injectable options but offers needle-free delivery. Medical professionals emphasize proper storage and administration training will be critical for this innovation.
Vaccine Supply and Accessibility
Manufacturers project supplying up to 148 million doses in the US. Most insurance plans cover flu vaccines at no cost, while uninsured individuals can access low-cost options through:
- Health departments
- Community health centers
- Participating pharmacies
- Employer programs
The Vaccines for Children program continues providing free vaccines for eligible youth including Medicaid recipients and uninsured children.
Coinfection Risks and Prevention
Experts warn about simultaneous respiratory infections becoming increasingly common. "We're seeing more cases where patients contract flu alongside COVID-19 or RSV," notes CDC virologist Dr. Alicia Kim. Vaccination remains the primary defense, with studies showing flu shots reduce hospitalization risk by 40-60% during well-matched seasons.
Who Should Get Vaccinated?
The CDC maintains its recommendation for annual flu vaccination for everyone 6 months and older, especially critical for:
- Adults over 65
- Pregnant individuals
- Those with chronic conditions (asthma, diabetes, heart disease)
- Healthcare workers
- Children under 5
Vaccination is optimal before October, with protection lasting throughout the flu season. Contrary to popular belief, you cannot get flu from the vaccine as injectable versions contain inactivated viruses.