Energy Diplomacy Overshadows Climate Concerns
In a significant shift from previous climate-focused energy policies, the United States is pressuring the European Union to increase purchases of American fossil fuels while reducing reliance on Russian energy. The meeting between US Energy Secretary Chris Wright and EU Energy Commissioner Dan Jørgensen today highlights the changing dynamics under the Trump administration, where climate considerations have taken a backseat to energy security and economic interests.
Massive Energy Deal Raises Eyebrows
The discussions come after the EU committed in July to potentially purchase up to €214 billion annually in American energy products, a dramatic increase from the current €77-85 billion in annual energy imports from the US. "That is a ridiculous number. It won't happen," says Ben McWilliams, energy and climate analyst at Brussels-based think tank Bruegel. "Agreeing on big numbers seems primarily a political signal rather than a practical reality."
Market Realities vs Political Promises
Energy markets operate on free market principles, meaning European companies can purchase gas from various suppliers based on price and availability. Many have long-term contracts in place, making sudden shifts challenging. Additionally, Europe's gas consumption is actually decreasing as renewable energy adoption increases, meaning additional US imports would likely displace other suppliers rather than represent new demand.
Geopolitical Considerations
Secretary Wright emphasized in the Financial Times that he wants Europe to stop buying Russian oil and gas, thereby reducing support for Putin's war in Ukraine. According to European Commission data, European countries sourced nearly 19% of their gas imports from Russia last year. The EU had previously committed to phasing out Russian oil and gas imports by 2028, but achieving this requires unanimous support for sanctions—something that remains uncertain with countries like Hungary and Slovakia opposing such measures.
Climate Goals Under Pressure
The increased reliance on American energy creates new dependencies at a time when the EU aims to reduce greenhouse gas emissions by 90% by 2040 compared to 1990 levels. Mathieu Blondeel, university lecturer in energy policy at Vrije Universiteit, notes that "European companies are already signing gas contracts for the next twenty years, which contradicts climate objectives." The use of liquefied natural gas (LNG) also results in higher greenhouse gas emissions compared to locally produced natural gas due to the energy-intensive liquefaction and transportation process.
Regulatory Rollback Concerns
The July trade deal indicates US pressure on the EU to scale back climate and sustainability legislation. The EU has promised to examine "flexibility" in laws requiring companies to report on sustainability, methane emissions, and carbon border adjustments. "The US is increasingly becoming an unpredictable partner," Blondeel observes. "By increasing import dependence, you create a situation where you expose yourself to potential blackmail from the Trump administration."
Source: Reuters